xov xwm

Hauv peb lub neej, peb feem ntau siv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li xov tooj ntawm tes, khoos phis tawj, TVs, thiab lwm yam; tab sis, koj puas paub tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob no yog tsim los ntawm ntau txhiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tab sis Peb tsis quav ntsej lawv lub neej. Cia peb saib ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas nquag siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob no, thiab tom qab ntawd ua rau 10 qeb duas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas nquag siv.

Ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv xov tooj ntawm tes
1. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau siv
Ua ntej, cia peb saib dab tsi yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas nquag siv. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau yog: capacitors, resistors, inductors, potentiometers, diodes, transistors, electron raj, relays, transformers, connectors, ntau yam rhiab heev, resonators, lim, keyboards, thiab lwm yam.
2. Sab saum toj 10 qeb duas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas nquag siv
Tom ntej no, peb txuas ntxiv mus saib rau saum 10 qeb duas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas feem ntau siv los saib seb qhov twg tuaj yeem ua tus thawj coj.
No. 10: Transformer. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm transformer (Lus Askiv lub npe: Transformer) yog ib qho khoom siv uas siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electromagnetic induction los hloov AC voltage. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev nce thiab txo qhov hluav taws xob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab tseem muaj cov haujlwm xws li kev sib txuam impedance thiab kev sib cais kev nyab xeeb.

No. 9: Sensor. Lub sensor (Lus Askiv lub npe: transducer / sensor) yog cov cuab yeej tshawb nrhiav uas tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​cov ntaub ntawv raug ntsuas, thiab tuaj yeem hloov cov ntaub ntawv nkag siab mus rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob lossis lwm yam ntaub ntawv xav tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm raws li qee txoj cai kom ua tau raws li cov ntaub ntawv xa mus, ua, cia. , tso saib, kaw thiab tswj cov cai. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, tib neeg yuav tsum tau mus rau lub cev ntawm lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, tib neeg lub cev hnov ​​​​tsw yog nyob deb ntawm qhov txaus hauv kev kawm txog cov xwm txheej ntuj thiab cov kev cai thiab kev tsim khoom. Txhawm rau hloov mus rau qhov xwm txheej no, cov sensors xav tau. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem hais tias lub sensor yog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm tib neeg lub cev tsib lub siab, tseem hu ua hluav taws xob tsib qhov kev xav.

No. 8: Field effect tube. Field effect transistor (Lus Askiv lub npe: Field Effect Transistor abbreviation (FET)), lub npe tag nrho ntawm cov nyhuv transistor, yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob uas siv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm kev tswj lub voj voog los tswj cov khoom tawm lub voj tam sim no, thiab muaj npe tom qab. nws. Lub raj xa hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau siv rau kev nthuav dav, qhov sib txawv, kev siv yooj yim raws li qhov chaw tam sim no, hluav taws xob hloov pauv, siab input impedance, thiab haum rau impedance transformation.

No.7: Transistor. Lub transistor yog ib qho khoom siv semiconductor uas tswj tau tam sim no thiab tuaj yeem nthuav dav tam sim no. Nws txoj haujlwm yog los ua kom lub zog tsis muaj zog rau hauv lub teeb liab hluav taws xob nrog tus nqi loj dua; nws kuj yog siv los ua ib lub contactless hloov mus tswj ntau yam hluav taws xob circuits.

No. 6: Varactor diode. Varactor Diodes (Lus Askiv lub npe: Varactor Diodes), tseem hu ua "Variable Reactance Diodes", yog tsim los ntawm kev siv cov yam ntxwv uas qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub peev xwm sib txawv nrog cov kev siv hluav taws xob thaum lub pN junction yog rov qab biased. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv high-frequency tuning, kev sib txuas lus thiab lwm yam circuits. Siv raws li qhov sib txawv capacitor. . Siv nyob rau hauv high-frequency circuits rau tsis siv neeg tuning, zaus modulation, thiab sib npaug, piv txwv li, raws li ib tug txawv txawv capacitor nyob rau hauv tuning voj ntawm ib tug TV receiver.

Varactor diode
No. 5: Inductor. Inductance yog ib yam khoom ntawm lub voj kaw thiab lub cev kom muaj nuj nqis. Thaum lub coil hla qhov tam sim no, lub magnetic teb yog induced nyob rau hauv lub kauj, thiab induced magnetic teb yuav tsim ib tug induced tam sim no los tiv thaiv lub tam sim no dhau los ntawm lub kauj; inductor (Lus Askiv lub npe: Inductor) yog ib qho khoom siv inductance ua los ntawm cov khoom siv inductance. Thaum tsis muaj tam sim no los ntawm inductor, nws yuav sim thaiv qhov tam sim no los ntawm kev ntws los ntawm nws thaum lub voj voog nyob rau; Yog hais tias tus inductor nyob rau hauv ib tug tam sim no los ntawm lub xeev, nws yuav sim tswj cov tam sim no thaum lub Circuit Court yog tawm. Inductors tseem hu ua chokes, reactors, thiab dynamic reactors.

No. 4: Zener diode. Zener diode (Lus Askiv lub npe Zener diode) yog kev siv pn hlws ris rov qab tawg lub xeev, tam sim no tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntau yam thaum lub zog hluav taws xob yog qhov tshwm sim zoo ib yam, ua los ntawm diode nrog lub zog stabilizing nyhuv. Cov diode no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor uas muaj kev tiv thaiv siab kom txog rau thaum qhov tseem ceeb rov qab tawg voltage. Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev puas tsuaj no, qhov rov qab ua haujlwm tau txo qis rau tus nqi me me, thiab tam sim no nce hauv cheeb tsam qis no. Qhov voltage tseem nyob tas li, thiab Zener diode tau muab faib raws li qhov tawg voltage. Vim tias cov yam ntxwv no, Zener diode feem ntau yog siv los ua qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob lossis hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob. Zener diodes tuaj yeem txuas rau hauv series rau kev siv ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntau dua, thiab cov hluav taws xob ruaj khov dua tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev sib txuas hauv series.

Zener diode
No. 3: Crystal diode. Crystal diode (Lus Askiv lub npe: crystaldiode) Ib qho khoom siv ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub xeev. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog lawv cov yam ntxwv tsis-linear tam sim no-voltage. Txij thaum ntawd los, nrog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv semiconductor thiab cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, siv cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor, doping distributions, thiab cov qauv geometric, ntau hom siv lead ua diodes nrog ntau hom qauv thiab cov haujlwm sib txawv thiab siv tau tsim. Cov khoom tsim muaj xws li germanium, silicon thiab compound semiconductors. Crystal diodes tuaj yeem siv los tsim, tswj, txais, hloov pauv, nthuav tawm cov teeb liab, thiab ua lub zog hloov pauv. Crystal diodes tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tsuas yog nyob rau thib peb hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas nquag siv.

Crystal diode
No. 2: Capacitor. Capacitors feem ntau yog luv li capacitors (Lus Askiv lub npe: capacitor). Lub capacitor, raws li lub npe qhia, yog 'lub thawv rau tuav hluav taws xob', ib yam khoom uas tuav cov nqi hluav taws xob. Capacitors yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lawv tau dav siv nyob rau hauv circuits xws li thaiv, coupling, bypassing, filtering, tuning loops, zog hloov dua siab tshiab, thiab tswj.
Capacitors tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tab sis lawv tsuas yog nyob rau qib thib ob hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas nquag siv. Nim no lub sij hawm ua tim khawv txog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb tau los txog.
No. 1: Resistor. Resistor (Lus Askiv lub npe: Resistor) feem ntau hu ua resistors hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Nws yog ib qho kev txwv tam sim no. Resistor muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov tam sim no. Nws tuaj yeem txwv qhov tam sim no los ntawm cov ceg txuas nrog nws, thiab qhov tam sim no tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm qhov tsis kam ntawm cov resistor, thiaj li ua kom ntseeg tau tias ntau yam khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas tam sim no. , Txawm hais tias lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog qhov zoo tib yam, tab sis nws qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm ntau yam khoom.